Torsion is very common in machines but less common in building structures. The examples here include a small detail and an entire garage.
1 Door handle
2 Tuck-under parking
Note: The torsion moment is the product of base shear v and lever arm e, the distance from center of mass to center of resistance (rear shear wall). In the past, torsion of tuck-under parking was assumed to be resisted by cross shear walls. However, since the Northridge Earthquake of 1994 where several buildings with tuck-under parking collapsed, such buildings are designed with moment resistant beam/column joints at the open rear side.
1 Door handle
2 Tuck-under parking
Note: The torsion moment is the product of base shear v and lever arm e, the distance from center of mass to center of resistance (rear shear wall). In the past, torsion of tuck-under parking was assumed to be resisted by cross shear walls. However, since the Northridge Earthquake of 1994 where several buildings with tuck-under parking collapsed, such buildings are designed with moment resistant beam/column joints at the open rear side.
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